在
Tall el-Hammam 的“亞伯什亭”（Abel-Shittim ）張逸萍譯自﹕“
Event of Abel-Shittim around Tall el-Hammam“ by Dr. David Graves（https://smyrnaean.blogspot.com/2006/04/tall-el-hammam-not-shittim.html ）
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從Tall
el-Hammam俯瞰約旦河谷 |
在青銅時代晚期，
Tall el-Hammam (簡稱TeH) 周圍的區域，被大多數學者認定為亞伯什亭（Abel Shittim，希伯來語意為“哀哭的皂莢木”），這是以色列人進入應許之地之前的營地（民記 25:1，申 34:9；書 2:1；3:1）。在 Merrill 的文章“The Shittim Plain”下，他說：
也許若要確定什亭的地點，我們更應該關註一個被稱為“哀哭的皂莢木”(Abel
Shittim) 的事件以及
Tall el-Hammam
周圍平原上的一個地區。
當摩西和約書亞在
TeH 周圍紮營時，他們並沒有留下太多可辨認的文物。Tall
el-Hammam 衛城有一座小型青銅後期的結構的，可能是一座瞭望塔/信號塔，用於與耶路撒冷、耶利哥和約旦河谷周圍的其他城市進行通信。
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參考書目
Aharoni, Yohanan. The Land of the Bible: A
Historical Geography. Translated by Anson F. Rainey. 2nd ed.
Louisville: Westminster/Knox, 1981), 419.Avi-Yonah, Michael. The
Madaba Mosaic Map with Introduction and Commentary (Jerusalem:
Israel Exploration Society, 1954), 37.
Davies, Graham I. The Way
of the Wilderness a Geographical Study of the Wilderness Itineraries in
the Old Testament. SOTSMS 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1979), 36.
Glueck, Nelson. Explorations in Eastern Palestine II.
AASOR 15. (New Haven, CT: ASOR, 1935), 378;
Glueck, Nelson. “Some Ancient Towns in the
Plains of Moab.” BASOR 91 (1943): 7–26 [see 15].
Harrison, R. K. “Shittim,” ed. Edward M.
Blaiklock, The New International Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology (Grand
Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1983), 413.
Kaiser, Jr., Walter C., and Duane Garrett,
eds. NIV Archaeological Study Bible: An Illustrated Walk Through
Biblical History and Culture (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2006), 233.
Khouri, Rami G. Antiquities of the Jordan
Rift Valley (Manchester, MI: Solipsist, 1988),76.Miller, J. Maxwell
and Gene M. Tucker, The Book of Joshua, The Cambridge Bible
Commentary of the English Bible (Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge
University Press, 1974), 199.
MacDonald, Burton, East of the Jordan:
Territories and Sites of the Hebrew Scriptures, ed. Victor H.
Matthews, ASOR Books 6 (Boston, MA: American Schools of Oriental
Research, 2000), 90.
Merrill, Selah. “Modern Researches in
Palestine.” Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York 9
(1877): 109–25 [see 117].
Merrill, Selah. “Modern Researches in
Palestine.” Palestine Exploration Fund: Quarterly Statement (PEFSt). 11,
no. 1 (1879): 138–54 [see 144].
Negev and Gibson, call the site Tell
el-Harman [sic. Tall el-Hammam] “Abel Shittim; Shittim, ” in The
Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land (1 Vol., Rev and
updated ed. Avraham Negev and Shimon Gibson, 3rd ed. 2001), 1.
Slayton, Joel C. “Shittim.” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by
David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1996), 5:1222.
Thomson,
William M. The Land and the Book: Lebanon, Damascus, and Beyond
Jordan. Vol. 3. 3 vols. (New York, NY: Harper & Brothers, 1886),
3:669.
Walton, John H., Victor H. Matthews, and Mark W. Chavalas. The
IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament (Downers Grove, IL:
InterVarsity Press, 2000), 169, 213.
作者在臉書2020年三月5日的更新消息﹕
在約旦河谷的
Tall el-Hammam 挖掘 15 年後，我們終於獲得了 DOA 的正式許可，可以在現場使用無人機。空中拍攝得的照片，真了不起。第一張照片是衛城向東北看。第二，我們在過去幾年中的挖掘工作，一直延伸到中青銅時代 2期。較低的遺跡一樣大（總共超過 100 英畝）。這是約旦河谷最大的遺址，也是幾個世紀以來，在黎凡特所挖掘的(青銅早期，青銅晚期)最大的遺址之一（青銅中期的夏瑣和亞實基倫更大）。我們相信青銅中期的破壞層是所多瑪。青銅晚期時期的，是亞伯什亭。 羅馬時期的，是Livias。
[i]
Merrill, Selah. “Modern Researches in Palestine.” Journal
of the American Geographical Society of New York 9 (1877):
109–25 [see 117]; Merrill, Selah. “Modern Researches in
Palestine.” Palestine Exploration Fund: Quarterly Statement
(PEFSt). 11, no. 1 (1879): 138–54 [see 144].
[ii]
Walter C. Kaiser, Jr., and Duane Garrett, eds. NIV
Archaeological Study Bible: An Illustrated Walk Through Biblical
History and Culture (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2006), 233.