地球年齡已證實為很老的嗎？
張逸萍
絕大部分基督徒都相信，宇宙萬物是聖經中之神所創造，不是進化而來的。但他們通常不敢肯定地球有多老，因為根據今天一般講法，地球年齡是四十六億年左右；可是根據人從聖經記載的推測，地球應該不會大大超過六千年。
我們必須問﹕「地球年齡四十六億」是否鐵一般的事實？科學家們是否已經證實了的呢？
護教學家
Henry Morris
曾經做了一個研究（見下），現有68個估計地球年齡的科學辦法，有5個難於量度，此外，顯示地球在一萬年之下的有18個，從一萬至一百萬的有20個。我想，一個公平的科學家應該說﹕地球年齡未有定論。
|
|
測量辦法 |
顯示年齡 |
文獻數量 |
|
1 |
Decay of earth’s magnetic field
地球磁場的衰變 |
10,000 |
1 |
|
2 |
Influx of radiocarbon to the earth system
放射性碳流入地球 |
10,000 |
2 |
|
3 |
Influx of meteoritic dust from space
太空隕星塵流入 |
太少，不能量度 |
3 |
|
4 |
Influx of Juvenile water to oceans
原生水流入海洋 |
340,000,000 |
3 |
|
5 |
Influx of magma from mantle to form crust岩漿從地幔流入構成地殼 |
500,000,000 |
3 |
|
6 |
Growth of oldest living part of biosphere
生物界中最老生物的增長 |
5,000 |
3 |
|
7 |
Origin of human civilizations
人類文明的起源 |
5,000 |
3 |
|
8 |
Efflux of Helium-4 into the atmosphere
氦-4流出至大氣層 |
1,750 - 175,000 |
4 |
|
9 |
Development of the total human population
人類總人口 |
4,000 |
5 |
|
10 |
Influx of sediment to the ocean via rivers
沉澱物從江河流入海洋 |
30,000,000 |
6 |
|
11 |
Erosion of sediment from continents
大陸沉澱物的侵蝕 |
14,000,000 |
6 |
|
12 |
Leaching of sodium from continents
從大陸過濾的納 |
32,000,000 |
7 |
|
13 |
Leaching of chlorine from continents從大陸過濾的氯 |
1,000,000 |
7 |
|
14 |
Leaching of calcium from continents從大陸過濾的鈣 |
12,000,000 |
7 |
|
15 |
Influx of carbonate to the ocean
流入海洋的碳酸鹽 |
100,000 |
7 |
|
16 |
Influx of sulphate to the ocean流入海洋的硫酸鹽 |
10,000,000 |
7 |
|
17 |
Influx of chlorine to the ocean流入海洋的氯 |
164,000,000 |
7 |
|
18 |
Influx of calcium to the ocean流入海洋的鈣 |
1,000,000 |
7 |
|
19 |
Influx of uranium to the ocean流入海洋的鈾 |
1,260,000 |
8 |
|
20 |
Efflux of oil from traps by fluid pressure
因流體壓力流出的石油 |
10,000 – 100,000 |
9 |
|
21 |
Formation of radiogenic lead by neutron capture
中子捕獲形成的放射性鉛 |
太少，不能量度 |
9 |
|
22 |
Formation of radiogenic strontium by neutron capture中子捕獲形成的放射性鍶 |
太少，不能量度 |
9 |
|
23 |
Decay of natural remanent paleomagnetism
天然殘存的古地磁衰變 |
100,000 |
9 |
|
24 |
Decay of C-14 in pre-Cambrian wood寒武紀前的碳-14衰變 |
4,000 |
|
|
25 |
Decay of uranium with initial “radiogenic” lead
含放射性鉛的鈾的衰變 |
太少，不能量度 |
10 |
|
26 |
Decay of potassium with entrapped argon
含擄獲氬氣的鉀的衰變 |
太少，不能量度 |
10 |
|
27 |
Formation of river deltas
河流三角洲的形成 |
5,000 |
11 |
|
28 |
Submarine oil seepage into oceans
海底石油滲出海洋 |
50,000,000 |
12 |
|
29 |
Decay of natural plutonium
天然鈽的衰變 |
80,000,000 |
13 |
|
30 |
Decay of lines of galaxies
星系線的衰變 |
10,000,000 |
14 |
|
31 |
Expanding interstellar gas
星際氣體的擴張 |
60,000,000 |
15 |
|
32 |
Decay of short-period comets
短期慧星的損毀 |
10,000 |
16 |
|
33 |
Decay of long-period comets長期慧星的損毀 |
1,000,000 |
17 |
|
34 |
Influx of small particles to the sun
微粒流入太陽 |
83,000 |
17 |
|
35 |
Maximum life of meteor showers
流星雨的最長時間 |
5,000,000 |
17 |
|
36 |
Accumulation of dust on the moon
月球積聚的塵埃 |
200,000 |
17 |
|
37 |
Instability of rings of Saturn
土星環的不穩定性 |
1,000,000 |
17 |
|
38 |
Escape of methane from Titan
從泰坦星逃出的沼氣 |
20,000,000 |
17 |
|
39 |
Deceleration of earth by tidal friction
潮汐磨損地球的減速 |
50,000,000 |
18 |
|
40 |
Cooling of the earth by heat efflux
地球因熱量流出而冷卻 |
24,000,000 |
18 |
|
41 |
Accumulation of calcareous ooze on sea floor
從海底滲出的石灰質積聚 |
5,000,000 |
19 |
|
42 |
Influx of sodium to the ocean via rivers
從江河流入海洋的納 |
260,000,000 |
20 |
|
43 |
Influx of nickel to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鎳 |
9,000 |
20 |
|
44 |
Influx of magnesium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鎂 |
45,000,000 |
20 |
|
45 |
Influx of silicon to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的矽 |
8,000 |
20 |
|
46 |
Influx of potassium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鉀 |
11,000,000 |
20 |
|
47 |
Influx of copper to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的銅 |
50,000 |
20 |
|
48 |
Influx of gold to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的金 |
560,000 |
20 |
|
49 |
Influx of silver to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的銀 |
2,100,000 |
20 |
|
50 |
Influx of mercury to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的汞 |
42,000 |
20 |
|
51 |
Influx of lead to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鉛 |
2,000 |
20 |
|
52 |
Influx of tin to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的錫 |
100,000 |
20 |
|
53 |
Influx of aluminum to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鋁 |
100 |
20 |
|
54 |
Influx of lithium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鋰 |
20,000,000 |
20 |
|
55 |
Influx of titanium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鈦
|
160 |
20 |
|
56 |
Influx of chromium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鉻 |
350 |
20 |
|
57 |
Influx of manganese to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的錳 |
1,400 |
20 |
|
58 |
Influx of iron to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鐵 |
140 |
20 |
|
59 |
Influx of cobalt to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鈷 |
18,000 |
20 |
|
60 |
Influx of zinc to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鋅 |
180,000 |
20 |
|
61 |
Influx of rubidium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的銣 |
270,000 |
20 |
|
62 |
Influx of strontium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鍶 |
19,000,000 |
20 |
|
63 |
Influx of bismuth to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鉍 |
45,000 |
20 |
|
64 |
Influx of thorium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的釷 |
350 |
20 |
|
65 |
Influx of antimony to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的銻 |
350,000 |
20 |
|
66 |
Influx of tungsten to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鎢 |
1,000 |
20 |
|
67 |
Influx of barium to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鋇 |
84,000 |
20 |
|
68 |
Influx of molybdenum to the ocean via rivers從江河流入海洋的鉬 |
500,000 |
20 |
譯自﹕Henry
Morris, The Biblical Basis for Modern
Science (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1984), p. 477-79.
分享於﹕https://www.facebook.com/lois.chan.568/posts/684687178389787?pnref=story